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    • Podcast 6.3.2020
    • Podcast 6.5.2020
    • Podcast 6.6.2020
    • Podcast 6.9.2020
    • Podcast 6.16.2020
    • Podcast 6.24.2020
    • Podcast 7.8.2020
    • Podcast 7.16.2020
    • Podcast 7.26.2020
cushman music
  • Home
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  • Podcast: Three Ps of Piano
    • Podcast 5.27.2020
    • Podcast 5.28.2020
    • Podcast 6.2.2020
    • Podcast 6.3.2020
    • Podcast 6.5.2020
    • Podcast 6.6.2020
    • Podcast 6.9.2020
    • Podcast 6.16.2020
    • Podcast 6.24.2020
    • Podcast 7.8.2020
    • Podcast 7.16.2020
    • Podcast 7.26.2020

Fearless Music, Adventures of Sound

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    Doniell Cushman loves to use her teaching experiences to inspire ways to improve music, teaching, and learning.

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Best Gifs ?

6/29/2020

 
​It's a strange world out there with tons of Gifs that are seemingly never ending. Here I have compiled a great list of musical Gifs for your entertainment, use, etc.

via GIPHY

​"Are you ready to play some music?!" "But of course!" ( In a silly French accent.)

via GIPHY

​"Hey, Look at this super cool piece I just learned twenty minutes ago! It's easy!"

via GIPHY

​"What's the best way to play the double bass?"

​Me: 

via GIPHY

​This is how REAL musicians enter the arena, AHEM, I mean "concert hall."

via GIPHY

​Do you need your sheet music back? 

via GIPHY

​That look you get when you giggle when someone in the orchestra messes up.

via GIPHY

​How your child really looks during their piano lesson.

via GIPHY

​HAHA, GET IT?

via GIPHY

​When you say your were a music nerd ... did you mean like this?

via GIPHY

​This is what we all *think* we look like when we play piano.

via GIPHY

​We all know that guy in the orchestra/band. 

via GIPHY

And we all know this guy too, the one who can't actually play but somehow ended up in our orchestra/band.

via GIPHY

​At least 2 out of 10 musicians have tried this. Don't lie.
​

via GIPHY

The Thanksgiving special all musicians were subjected to back in the day.

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30 Musical Things to do by 30

6/19/2020

 
Bucket Lists are a great way to set goals and to motivate. Whether attainable or not, we as musicians should all have a bucket list of things we want to play, accomplish, or hear. So, I've put together this list to inspire you!

30 Musical Things to Do by 30
  1. Learn to play Beethoven's Moonlight Sonata
  2. Join a chamber group (wind or string ensemble)
  3. Learn to play a simple song on 10 different instruments that aren't your primary
  4. Attend La Boheme live
  5. Play on public radio or television
  6. Purchase a gown or tuxedo to be used just for performances
  7. Visit Neuschwanstein castle in Germany to see the paintings of Wagnerian operas
  8. Join a church or community choir
  9. Take your music to the street corner and play for tips
  10. Record a promotional album with your 10 best pieces
  11. See both versions of Disney's Fantasia
  12. Give a free music lesson to a disadvantaged youth
  13. Complete a collegiate degree in Music
  14. Hear Tchaikovsky's Piano Concerto No. 1 Live
  15. Visit Prague and find street musicians willing to play Smetana's Moldau
  16. Create a YouTube channel with your music
  17. Compose a piece of music that is about something important in your life
  18. Audition for a symphony
  19. Play in a marching band
  20. Do a meet and greet with your favorite musician
  21. See a Tchaikovsky ballet live
  22. Purchase an artwork of music to display in your home
  23. Give a live performance at a coffee shop/restaurant
  24. Collaborate with a team to write an original song
  25. Commit to learning by memory a signature piece that you are always ready to perform
  26. Write a research paper on an interesting musical topic
  27. Buy a vintage instrument and turn it into a functional every day object
  28. Enter a musician's competition
  29. Join your local MTNA chapter
  30. Put together a benefit concert and donate all proceeds to a music cause
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Failure Happens

6/16/2020

 
Failure Happens as a musician. A lot. I mean, like A LOT! And you know what? It's okay. It's not the end of the world. Music is an art, an appreciation, a passion. We can't get to the point of elation or success without a few blunders under our belt.

Learning music is difficult enough as it is. Just think about all the combinations of symbols you could have in a piece of music ... it's an endless stream of possibilities. This should make us feel better, but often it leaves us terrified of messing up. And really, we shouldn't fear making bad music. It's all part of the process of learning to be a good musician.

Failure happens largely in executing music, not the comprehension or learning of it. As a teacher, that makes my job somewhat easier because I know I can send a student home with instructions that they can follow without worry. However, when it comes to practicing and performing the concepts learned, we become more fragile and breakable. How can we avoid this? We can't!

How about instead we think back to the first time you poured your own glass of milk. Maybe you dropped the jug and milk spilled everywhere. Maybe you were too small and were chastised by an adult. Or perhaps you dripped milk all over the kitchen trying to get it into a cup. These situations are teaching moments that last with us for a lifetime. We learn how to properly hold and carry the jug of milk, just how to tip it gently sideways, and when to stop filling up. Music is the same side of the coin here. Your teacher is there to guide through the mistakes just like a parent or guardian is for a child learning to pour milk. We want you to make mistakes that you can learn from, and give you lots of praise when you succeed.

Don't take failure too strongly to heart in music. Everyone has a bad day, a bad warm-up, or even a bad song now and again. It's important that instead of becoming overwhelmed or beat-up by the process, we add it to our arsenal of knowledge and practice conquering our challenges daily. No one built Rome in one day, so it goes to show you that failure is something to expect as part of the process. And, just like Rome eventually fell, you too will fall in music. How you bounce is what matters the most though!

There are also times when it is okay to fail, and to let failure have its day. We can pull ourselves up by the bootstraps tomorrow, and try something new, or try what we failed at again. Sure, if we majorly disappointed an audience we can't get that back. But don't let it rule your mind and heart! Learn that humility and grace are key characteristics of a good musician. Understand that the audience appreciates your hard work and effort, even though it may not have pleased them. Grow as a person who has been at all the stop signs and now knows the way better than others.
​
I'll say it again, Failure Happens. But ... there is always another song, another day, another rehearsal. Let go and enjoy the journey!
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5 Musician Distractions and How to Avoid Them

6/3/2020

 
Everyone who is alive and breathing can get distracted even by the tiniest of things. But pianists have some large issues when it comes to distractions. Distractions are anything that pulls us away from the music, or even playing all together. A distraction can be huge and keep you from your practice, or small and make you lose your place. Here are the top five that I have found to be the worst.

1. Housework/Chores are More Important
Maybe you have a guest arriving from out of town, or maybe you have a family with four wild and crazy kids under the age of ten. Whatever the case, your home life is a number one priority to you. So much so, that you can't even get to the piano to play a song. You may go for days, weeks, months, or even years without so much as touching the keys. And while yes, our home life should be comfortable and relatively clean, you CAN make time for piano if you set aside specific time in your daily or weekly schedule.

2. Holidays and Celebrations
I've heard this so many times: "Well, I didn't practice much because it was Thanksgiving." Letting important dates get in the way of practice is an amateur mistake. I always try to encourage my students to actually USE these celebrations as an excuse to play. Take for example Christmas - Have a sing-a-long of your favorite tunes. On a birthday, play your best rendition of Happy Birthday. Granted when you travel, you aren't likely to have the ability to practice, but you can absolutely take your music with you to read and study. Tabletop playing is also encouraged. You can do this by pretending you have a piano in front of you, and using your fingers to play your imaginary keys.

3. Tiredness
Hey, I get it, I really do. I've suffered from insomnia since I was a child. Being tired doesn't have to equal less practice though. Using aromatherapy such as essential oils can perk your body and brain right up. Orange, Tangerine, Ylang Ylang, Spearmint and Lemon are great pick-me-ups. Another great solution is to eat a heaping spoonful of peanut butter or an orange, wait 10 minutes, then practice. These foods are quick to activate sugars needed for energy and focus in your body. The other thing I would encourage is to pick a time of day when you are most alert to do your practicing.

4.  School and Extra Curricular Activities
You make a commitment to learn music and all of a sudden the workload at school is too much. This is a common theme with middle school and high school students in particular. Or maybe, you have a double header soccer tournament over the weekend. For some reason, you believe there is no time in between your school or your soccer, to find time to practice. This is not the case! You know those times in the morning before school when you have extra time on your hands? Sit at the piano and practice part of your assignment! Right when you get home from school is also another great time to practice, as is just before dinner. Especially if you treat dinner as a reward for hard work! Make your schedule find the time that you have nothing to do and work in a song or two at the piano. It IS possible!

5. Illness
Never let a cold or flu get you down. If you are grounded at home on an illness staycation, make sure to bone up on your music. Yes, you're tired, yes you may cough or sneeze, but that shouldn't equal no practice. Start with just reading your music in the comfort of your bed or on your couch. Then, when you are feeling your most alert (right after a nap or just before a meal) practice for a short spurt of 10-15 minutes. This works great in conjunction with placing tissues and sanitizer nearby just in case, and having a glass of orange juice just before for an energy boost. I also recommend essential oils and/or aromatherapy designed to support your immune system or level of alertness.
 
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If you are looking for essential oils for support or aromatherapy, Or are looking for GREAT supplements to help you with focus and energy, use my affiliate link here to learn more: 

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Review: Keith Snell Piano Rep. Romantic & 20th Century - Prep Level

6/18/2019

 
Today I will be reviewing the book Piano Repertoire: Romantic & 20th Century at Preparatory Level by Keith Snell. https://kjos.com/piano/repertoire/collections-series/snell/keith-snell-repertoire-series/piano-repertoire-romantic-20th-century-preparatory-level.html

There are many reasons to love this little book - or any Keith Snell book really. It's concise, and to the point for one. At just 16 pages, this Prep Level gem is accomplishable within a year's time for any elementary or beginning student. Even the front inside cover and back inside cover are used for information pertinent to the materials. I love when a book is eco-friendly. For the low, low price of just $4.50 you receive 15 traditional works from the Romantic era through the 20th Century. A 7-year-old could save and purchase this all by their self, it's that affordable.

Included are some of my favorites: Ferdinand Beyer, Louis Köhler, Cornelius Gurlitt, Béla Bartok, and Dmitri Kabalevsky. Clearly printed (or engraved for you technical musician/composers), the music is large and clear tidy. To save space, 2 songs may be printed on the same page due to their brevity and the ability to supply repeats.

Titles clearly list which work the pieces are from with Opus numbers, etc. Furthermore, every composer is listed with their dates, and the back cover has a Composer Biographies that are short and somewhat helpful to understanding the work.

Most of the pieces included in this Preparatory Level are within a 5-Finger Position in the comfortable locations of C, G, F and A Minor. Minimal use of accidentals make the works deceptively simple for beginners, and I've found that penciling in a reminder at the top of the page, or highlighting the Key signature, is a helpful tool. There are limited finger markings that are sensible, which also make the works very approachable for students who are learning new locations and working on confidence and spatial awareness. Therein also lies a good mix of 3/4, 4/4, cut and Common time as well as tempo markings - most of which lie at a moderate speed, making this book a great challenge to accomplish within a year's time.

Coincides with students in, or who have completed with following methods:
  • Alfred's Level 2
  • Alfred's Adult Level 1
  • Piano Adventures Level 2A-2B
  • Bastien Level 1
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Create a Music Database

1/6/2019

 
The five essential entrepreneurial skills for success: Concentration, Discrimination, Organization, Innovation and Communication.  ~ Harold S. Green

I had a dream years ago when we lived overseas in Germany. Part of it was due to boredom, part of it aspiration, and part of it convenience. This dream was catapulted by a class I took in college called Information Systems Management. 

I've always loved Access by Microsoft. I'm an odd duck, what can I say? But seriously, the ability to organize and filter things, create forms and reports ... it did what Excel can do, yet so much more. I wanted to see everything I owned and was (and still am) acquiring in key signatures, difficulty levels, publishers, cost, etc.

The benefits of creating a database of your music library are manyfold. So, let me give you a lending hand as to what you can do.

Database Ideas:
  • Music Pieces - for individual songs, works, whatever you want to call them.
  • Music Books - for every book you own filled with music
  • Methods - for every book that is a method (i.e. Alfred's Basic Piano Library, Piano Adventures)
  • Albums - for all records, discs, MP3s, and other formats of music you know
  • Educational Materials - for books about composers, treatises, theory, pedagogy, etc.
  • Your compositions and works in progress

Now how can you sort this material? By this I mean, what information do you want accessible at your fingertips? Make primary indexes to be book numbers or ISBNs. Titles of books and pieces should be written with overly specific information. Have two sources for the Moonlight Sonata? Use Opus numbers or organizational systems (WoO, K. numbers, etc.), or you could even put a parenthetical note for the arranger, book, and so forth, or editions.
  • After primary indexes, make sure you include things like:
  • Composer
  • Arranger
  • Key Signature (if applicable)
  • Accompaniment as a yes/no
  • Duet as a yes/no
  • Cost (if applicable)
  • Year purchased (if desired)
  • Year published
  • Publisher
  • Book Numbers or Levels
  • CD as a yes/no
  • Pages
  • You difficulty level rating
  • Instrument
  • Genre

The next step would be to create a form to fill out for each database, and reports. These should automatically update in the software you use, so that as soon as you fill out a form, the information is added. 

Ideas for Reports would include:
Music by Composer (and make sure composer names are entered consistently with first and last names)
Music by difficulty level
Music by key signature
Duets
Pieces with accompaniment 
Music by instrumentation

As a teacher, this is super useful. I can filter my results or pull a report for a student at a certain level, in a certain key signature and by a specific genre without having to leaf through hundreds of my books and materials.

I hope this post gives you excellent ideas on how to organize your library, studio, office, or classroom. I know it seriously helps me. Yes, it takes some time setting up and getting through entering everything you own ... but in the end, you have something like this to look forward to:
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17 Practicing Hits & Tips

8/26/2018

 
I was asked just this week by a long time student of mine how he should be practicing. I'll have to be honest and say this floored me a little. "Wow," I said. "I'm so glad you asked me this." Keep in mind that my job as a teacher isn't just to teach you the concepts and material, it is also my job to impart the know-how and tools of practice. 

So, without much further ado, here are 17 Hits to get the most out of your practice.
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1. Warm Up - Pick an etude, play an easy song, get the blood moving in your fingers to have them ready and at their tiptop condition for practice.

2. Do your scales. Pay close attention in particular to ones that are the key of your pieces to practice. Remind your brain and your body that you need quick access to this knowledge. Patterns are crucial for any musician and scales are excellent pattern practice.

3. Play some Hanon. (See above) Transpose if necessary or applicable.

4. Take a study break. Look over your material carefully. Actually READ your music. You can even sit comfortably in a chair or on a couch for this portion of practice. Sing the song in your head as you read through it. Note all the highlights you need to remember (dynamics, articulations, tempos, etc.)

5. Use the 50% rule at least once per piece. Don't know the 50% rule? That means practice at exactly 50% of the speed of the piece you are working on. If you just have "Allegro", then select the slowest pace of 60 BPM. 

6. Become friends with a metronome, and use it at least once per piece (all the way through). You may adjust as necessary by 2-3 or even 5 ticks, but make an entire practice through with it. Your timing and rhythm will improve, as well as your attention to speed.

7. Work in chunks. Take small sections of 2-4 measures at a time, and perfect them before stringing them all together. Be methodical about this.

8. Refrain from the desire to "fix mistakes" constantly. Ignoring mistakes is sometimes just as important as fixing them. You'll never make it through a piece if you constantly stop and start. Performances demand that time continues on, so allow yourself some grace. Then, return to chunking and the 50% rule to fix your mistakes.

9. Keep a pencil and highlighter handy. You may need notes, you may need instructions, or you might just need encouragement. Either way, a pencil and highlighter is a must if you want to succeed in practice.

10. Take brain breaks. Rest your thoughts and let loose a little by throwing in a fun song, playing something enjoyable, or just fiddling around on the keys. Your focus and intensity might suffer if you don't give yourself the space to relax a little.

11. Never quit practicing until you have worked on each assignment with 3 full run-throughs. This ensures you made mistakes, worked them through, and then attempted to perform to the best of your ability.

12. Practice in a variety of environments. Loud or quiet, we musicians put up with a lot. Plus, other people still have lives. If someone is making dinner and is whipping up a racket, put your practice skills to the test! If you have the chance to play on another instrument that isn't yours, try it out! If you have company, or the house is still asleep, give the keys a whirl. We build up our concentration and focus this way as we tolerate a lot of conditions we cannot control as musicians.

13. Sightread a piece of music. It can be new, it can be old, it just cannot be anything you're working on (or just worked on). This puts all of your theory skills to the test.

14. Try a video recording of yourself that you can delete later. Set it up  so you can see your hands and hear the music, and then LISTEN CAREFULLY to the playback. This will give you a ton of information about yourself that you might not otherwise have known. Maybe you're sitting wrong, or maybe you missed all the F#s. 

15. Practice your music backwards! Start with the last measure. Then the last 2. Then the last 3, etc. This gives your brain a bit of a workout and allows you to hear the music in a different way. It may even highlight important things you have overlooked.

16. Be positive with yourself, and stay calm. The worst thing to do is become frustrated with something you struggle on. Tell yourself that you can do better next time, and don't give up!

17. Try out an audience. Mom, dad, neighbor, babysitter, whomever! Wherever! Ask them for their positive feedback, and ask them if there's 1 thing they think you could work on. They might see and hear things that you don't, so use these to motivate yourself to success!
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Can You Learn Piano as an Adult?

4/17/2018

 

The Truth of the Matter and How you can Overcome the Challenges

Learning music is a commitment. It can be a serious one, or a casual one - but it's still a commitment. We all have lives, and let's be honest about it: Some days are better than other days. As adults, we have jobs, children, grandchildren, chores, work, errands, appointments ... and an endless amount of capability to organize it all. So can we fit in learning piano?

If you're deciding whether or not you can learn piano, you must set some sort of goal or at least have one in mind. Many of my adult students come to me and say they always wanted to learn so they had a hobby, or a pastime. This is a great motivator to learn! I have others that have come to me and said that they want to accomplish a specific piece of music. Also a great reason to learn. Rarely have I had an adult come to me and say they'd love to play Chopin level 8 pieces, or that they want to be a pianist. But this can also be an excellent driving force. I'm going to be brutally honest about all three of these types of adult beginners (or returners) for a moment, and I hope I don't hurt your feelings.

The first adult I mentioned is the most successful adult student.  The second is the least successful adult student. The last student is so rare, that I've had only 1 adult in my 10+ years of teaching have this goal - and they fell off the face of the planet when a family crisis occurred.

There are a plethora of reasons for the success of the first student, and why I've retained several of these for years. These adults always come to me with an awareness of self and ability. They are timid, they are receptive, and they are candid. They knew that there would be times when it would be difficult to practice, yet they persevered through lessons that may have felt overwhelming or unsuccessful. They understood that not every lesson would be exciting and fun, and that there is a substantial amount of sweat and tears involved in the learning process.

That leaves the other two types of students. The second type of student tends to fail because they don't live in reality. Most educators are unwilling to teach you something they know you don't want to understand. That said, learning a intermediate piece of music that isn't Mary Had a Little Lamb can involve more than 50 musical concepts. Sure, you can learn by rote ... but are you really learning music? No. Are you really learning the song? No. There's more to music than just the right notes and the right lengths of the notes. People with a piece goal in mind want to play NOW, and then never come back for lessons. In truth, this is distracting and leads to disinterest on not only behalf of the student, but also the teacher.

The final student who wants to be a great musician is genuinely rare at an adult's age, that there isn't much to say really. As an educator, I'd equate it to a drastic change in careers: A mechanic suddenly becoming a financial consultant. It's a dream, and dream chasers can be valuable students and can learn very well. But, when obstacles block their path, they can end up more reluctant to change their ways and will easily settle for less.

All types of adults and goals can be successful, but in my experience, the adult that knows the level of dedication involved is the one best prepared for success in lessons. They can truly learn piano. Good or bad, they have the thick skin required and the resolve.
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Now let's get to how to overcome your challenges being an adult.
  • Schedule your life around piano.
  • Make doctor's appointments and meetings for the same day, and back to back to assure the best use of your time.
  • Limit your lazy activities (i.e. TV, internet junk) to 1 hour a day total. Keep a tally to help stay on track.
  • Set a timer every day at a certain time. If you haven't practiced, GO NOW!
  • Be flexible where you can. Use the 15 spare minutes in the morning before you leave for work at the piano.
  • Prepare your life ahead of you. Make dinners in advance and freeze them, put out your clothes for the next day, multi-task, make lists and stick to them, etc.
  • Spend less time in the bathroom. Limit showers and hair/make-up time. Be strict with yourself on this.
  • Use a reward system. 30 mins of practice = 30 mins of knitting and watching TV.
  • Ask others to hold you accountable by asking you to play something for them. (THIS IS A TRICK! You've just suckered yourself into a practice!)
  • Delegate where you can. Let your spouse do the shopping, make your kids help out with chores, have the neighbor drop your box off at the Carrier's, etc.
  • Make some of your "family time" include your practicing with family in the same room.
  • Run all your errands back to back when and where you can.
  • Unplug from social media (or plug in with a live broadcast!) and practice when you could've been chatting.
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Using Highlighters as a Musician

3/13/2018

 
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You should write in your music more than you believe you should. I hearken back to my collegiate days with this belief. I had professors in Philosophy, English and History strongly advocating using pen in your books for many reasons. As a musician, you need more than just the odd definition here and there. You need LIGHTS! CAMERA! ACTION! Connecting important ideas and concepts in music is difficult as there are so many, so be highlighter friendly.

  1. Use 1 colored highlighter to capture dynamics. Your eye is automatically drawn to bright color, so make yellow or pink stand out with a little line right over your sforzando. ESPECIALLY if you routinely miss dynamics, or forget to play that one in the middle of the music where there was a slight change. Yeah, that one. We all do that.

  2. Give any tempo changes a pass with the old bright stick. Ritardandos and a Tempos are often not bold or obvious when dealing with unwieldy pieces. Make sure you meet those speeds accurately every time by highlighting them.

  3. Notes you routinely miss should probably also be highlighted, not just circled a million times. Create that failsafe and let your tension free itself with a scribble over any note that is a problem causer.

  4. Choose 1 specific color for finger numbers on notes you either miss, or use incorrect fingering on. Ensure that you are in the right place, at the right time, with the right finger always with this proven method.

  5. If you're in a group, use a highlighter for lead-ins, extensive rests, or solos vs. tutti. You will need to distinguish these sections from others in a way that won't escape your concentration.

  6. Never highlight ties, only slurs. Keep this in your back pocket by taking a pencil and putting an X through anything that is tied, and only reserving the highlighter for slurs that need extra attention to detail.

  7. Clef changes can be easily missed if you fail to highlight them.

  8. Staccato, accented, marcato, and tenutos that are important or missed can use a swipe with the stripe. Make sure you only use them when necessary on these. Over use can lead to carelessness or unwillingness to see the whole picture of music on a page.

  9. Routinely missed repeat signs and/or endings should be highlighted. Do your endings in two different colors so your eyes can lead you to where you should be automatically.

  10. Pedal Signs should never be ignored if they're in short supply on the piece you're playing. Random pedal at the end? Highlight. Random pedal in the middle? Highlight.

Highlighters are a musician's best friend in all these scenarios. Don't shy away from a colorful page that brings out the importance in the music that you may be missing or ignoring. Below is my suggestion for color coding your highlighters, but make your own list!
  • Yellow - Pedal & 8va
  • Pink - Dynamics and/or Tempos
  • Orange - Notes & Finger numbers
  • Green - Slurs
  • Blue - Articulations
  • Purple - Miscellaneous

Now here comes the catch: Don't use highlighters on everything. ONLY USE HIGHLIGHTERS WHEN you are legitimately struggling, or are missing important things. Don't be overzealous. Really. DON'T BE OVERZEALOUS! Be sparing. Use them as an advantageous way to capture the essence of the piece and what you are learning from it.
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What do Dynamics MEAN?!

1/29/2018

 
Dynamics are essentially musical volume. Dynamics help to create a few important musical structures: mood, scenery, shading, and character.
  1. Mood - Otherwise known as emotional disposition.  What temper do you want to be? The tone of the piece can really set how someone feels.
  2. Scenery - Otherwise known as the landscape view of the piece. Are you in a circus or are you depressed because your doll broke? These are important backdrops to what is happening in the music.
  3. Shading - What is the color of the piece? What is going to happen? Ask yourself this question. If the piece is about goblins on Halloween night, you probably don't want to scream the music. Volume gives the listener hints about what is to come, and about what is happening.
  4. Character - This is the personality and overall charm of the music. Is this a piece that is strong, dark, and handsome? Declare who you are through sound!

Now that we've covered the important expression dynamics encompasses, what do those symbols ACTUALLY MEAN?

ppp - Pianississimo
  • Pee-an-ees-ee-see-moh
  • As softly as possible
  • Sounds like a whisper
pp - Pianissimo
  • Pee-an-ee-see-moh
  • Very softly
  • Sounds like a mouse
p - Piano
  • Pee-an-oh
  • Softly
  • Sounds like a kitty cat meow
mp - Mezzo Piano
  • Met-zoh-pee-an-oh
  • Moderately or Medium Soft
  • Sounds like someone humming
mf- Mezzo Forte
  • Met-zoh-fore-tuh
  • Moderately or medium loud
  • Sounds like someone talking
f - Forte
  • Fore-tuh
  • Loudly
  • Sounds like someone yelling
ff - Fortissimo                
  • Fore-tee-see-moh
  • Very loudly
  • Sounds like an airplane
fff - Fortississimo
  • Fore-tees-ees-ee-moh
  • As loudly as possible
  • Someone screaming at the top of their lungs
sfz or sf- Sforzando or Sforzato
  • Ts-fore-tsahn-doh / Ts-fore-tsah-doh
  • Strongly accentuated
  • Forced loudly
fp or sfp - Forte Piano or Sforzando Piano
  • Fore-tuh-pee-ahn-oh / Ts-fore-tsahn-doh-pee-ahn-oh
  • Loud, then suddenly quiet
  • Like a baby's crying suddenly quieted by a bottle
Cresc. or Crescendo <
  • Cruh-shehn-doh
  • Gradually get louder
  • Like an ambulance coming toward you from a distance
Dim. or Diminuendo >
  • Dih-min-you-ehn-doh
  • Gradually get softer
  • Like a racecar passing by you
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